Possessive adjectives
To form possessive adjectives we add suffixes –иҥ, -ыҥ to subject pronouns.
Мениҥ [meniŋ] – my
Сениҥ [seniŋ] – your
Оныҥ [onɪŋ] – his, her,its
Бистиҥ [bistiŋ] – our
Слердиҥ [slerdiŋ] – your
Олордыҥ [olordɪŋ] – their
Possessive suffixes of nouns
In Altaian language a nouns used with a possessive adjective change its form: they add suffixes -им, -ым,-и, -ы, -ис, -иҥ, -ыҥ, -ыс, -ыгар to a final consonant: мениҥ белим my back,сениҥ белиҥ your back, or just –м, -ҥ,-быс, -гар is added to a final vowel: мениҥ турам [turʌm] my house.
Nouns when having these possessive suffixes can be used without possessive adjectives.
| singular | examples | plural | examples | |
| 1st person | -(и)м,
-(ы)м |
тилим турам бажым энем |
-(и)бис
-(ы)быс |
тилибис энебис бажыбыс турабыс |
| 2nd person | -(и)ҥ,
-(ы)ҥ |
тилиҥ тураҥ бажыҥ энеҥ |
-(и)гер -(ы)гар |
тилигер энегер бажыгар турагар |
| 3rd person | -и, -ы, -зы, -зи |
тили бажы балазы кижизи |
-и -ы -зы, -зи |
тили бажы тайдазы эјези |
| Suffixes to Consonants | Meaning | Suffixes to Vowels |
| -ым, -им | my | -м |
| -ыҥ, -иҥ | your | -ҥ |
| -ы, -и | his,hir,its | -зы, -зи |
| -ыбыс, -ибис | our | -быс, -бис |
| -ыгар, | your | гар,гор,гӧр, гер, |
| -ы, -и, -зы, -зи | their | -ы, -и, -зы, -зи |
Also nouns when having these possessive suffixes can be used with or without possessive adjectives.
My foal – мениҥ кулуным → кулуным
Your foal – сениҥ кулуныҥ → кулуныҥ
His foal – оныҥ кулуны→ кулуны
Our foal – бистиҥ кулуныс
Your foal –слердиҥ кулуныгар
Their foal –олордыҥ кулуны
We also add letters “з”, “б”, “г” to separate two vowels: адазы, адабыс, адагар.
Consonant mutation when adding suffixes
When we add possessive suffixes nouns ending in a voiceless consonant change it into voiced versions in a position before a vowel, so letter п changes into б, к into г, с into з, т into д, ш into ж.
п→б:
кып – room
кыбым – my room
кыптарым – my rooms
к→г:
эжик – door
эжигим – my door
эжиктерим – my doors
c→з:
кыс – daughter
кызым – my daughter
кыстарым – my daughters
т→д:
ат – horse
адым – my horse
аттарым – my horses
ш→ж:
тиш – tooth
тижим – my tooth
тиштерим – my teeth
Everything’s cool, i liked the language, but there’s one not clear thing. In the tables you’ve written, that for “our” I have to add like-“-(ы)быс” ending, but then write about the б as about the letter which stays between the vowel and the ending. Which form is then correct, if the г in the ending for “your-plural” doesn’t vanish in the example “кулуныгар”?